Refer below query.
SQL
DECLARE @Test AS TABLE (EMP_Key VARCHAR(50),Name VARCHAR(20))
INSERT INTO @Test VALUES('121||RAW||231A' , 'Raw')
INSERT INTO @Test VALUES('122||STEVE||232B','Steve')
SELECT SUBSTRING(EMP_Key,(LEN(EMP_Key)-CHARINDEX('||',REVERSE(EMP_Key)))+2,LEN(EMP_Key)) 'EMP_Key'
FROM @Test
Output
EMP_Key
231A
232B