Hi hudavercetin,
Core components of SSRS are as follows:
Report Server - It is the heart of SSRS which interacts with other components and plays key role in processing of data, deploying etc…
Report Server database - Two databases called reportserver and reportservertempdb which stores the reports definition data.
Report Designer - To create, modify and deploy the SSRS reports.
Report Builder - To create ad hoc reports. We can access report builder in report manager.
Report Manager - Web based application which allow us to view the data and manages the reports by interacting with Report server web service.
Data sources - Reporting services retrieves data from data sources like relational and multidimensional data sources.
Refer below link for more details.
https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/UploadFile/35fef0/architecture-of-sql-server-reporting-servicesssrs/