Hi alya14,
Check this example. Now please take its reference and correct your code.
Enum
public enum Headers
{
    Mango,
    Apple,
    Banana,
    Orange,
    Pinaple,
    Grapes,
    Guava,
    Mulberry
}
Controller
public class HomeController : Controller
{
    // GET: /Home/
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
        return View();
    }
}
View
<html>
<head>
    <title>Index</title>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8.3/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {
            $('#btnGet').on('click', function () {
                var header = $('#mainmdl table tr:has(th)');
                var row = $('#mainmdl table tr:has(td)');
                var message = '';
                $.each($(row).find('td'), function (i, item) {
                    if ($(this).find('input[type=checkbox]:checked').length > 0) {
                        message += 'CheckBox Value : ' + $(this).find('input[type=checkbox]').val()
                                + '\n\rHeader Text : ' + $(header).find('th').eq(i).html().trim() + '\n\r\n\r';
                    }
                });
                alert(message);
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="table-responsive" id="mainmdl">
        <table class="table table-striped table-bordered table-condensed">
            <thead>
                <tr>
                    <%foreach (var item in Enum.GetValues(typeof(_Checked_CheckBox_Value_MVC.Headers))) {%>
                    <th class="text-left"><%=item %></th>
                    <% } %>
                </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
                <tr>
                    <td class="text-center"><input type="checkbox" value="1" /></td>
                    <td class="text-center"><input type="checkbox" value="2" /></td>
                    <td class="text-center"><input type="checkbox" value="3" /></td>
                    <td class="text-center"><input type="checkbox" value="4" /></td>
                    <td class="text-center"><input type="checkbox" value="5" /></td>
                    <td class="text-center"><input type="checkbox" value="6" /></td>
                    <td class="text-center"><input type="checkbox" value="7" /></td>
                    <td class="text-center"><input type="checkbox" value="8" /></td>
                </tr>
            </tbody>
        </table>
        <br />
        <input type="button" id="btnGet" value="Get Checked" />
    </div>
</body>
</html>
Screenshot
